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| 语法练习1 1. By the summer, Elizabeth______ here for ten years . A. will work B. works C. will have worked D. has worked 2. After Jackson.______ for an hour, he came to the conclusion that Mrs.bennet was not coming. A. waited B. was waiting C. has waited. D. had been waiting . 3. I. hope you______ the instructions ready before I come tomorrow A. to get B. shall get C. will get D. will have gotten . 4. I'm meeting Even tonight. I______a Russion before . A. didn't ever meet B. have never met C. have ever met D. never met 5. All the apparatus______ before the experiment began. A. have been tested B. had been tested C. were tested D. had tested 6. We'll leave as soon as it________ raining. A. is stoping B. stops C. will stop D. shall stop 7. We've already sent out the invitation cards, but we don't know how many people_________ . A. come B. are coming C. came D. have come 8. No sooner_______ than the accident happened. A. he had gone B. had he gone C. his going D. he went 9. I had hoped Mr. Smith______ me an early reply. A. gave B. to give C. giving D. would give 10．Until yesterday, Miller's family_____ from him for six months. A. hasn't heard B. hasn't been hearing C. hadn't heard D. didn't bear 11. Tailor looks sleepy. He must______ to bed very late last night. A. had gone B. have gone C. be going D. go 12. I_______ yesterday, but I was suspended by an unexpected visit. A. came B. did come C. was to come D. come 13. I don't know what Jeanie_____ at this time tomorrow. A. does B. is doing C. will be doing D. will do 14. Hardly______ when the bus suddenly pulled away. A. they had got to the bus stop B. had they got to the bus stop C. did they get to the bus stop D. they got to the bus stop 15. Mother doesn't know much time I have spent in watching TV; if she ever found out ,I'm sure_______. A. she'd never forgive me B. she never forgive me B. she'll never forgive me D. she does never forgive me 16. The teacher told the students that the Earth_______round the Sun. A. moves B. moved C. has moved D. has been moving 17. While the secretary_______ his desk, he found the long lost report. A. had been cleaning B. is cleaning C. has been cleaning D. was cleaning 18. As soon as he______ his error, Rockfeller made the necessary corrections to his data collected. A. discovered B. has discovered C. discovers D. had discovered 19. Fred believed that his friend_______ by his employer a month or so ago. A. had been promoted B. has been promoted C. has promoted D. had promoted 20. I think I'll wait until the mail______ . A. should come B. is coming C. comes D. will come 21. We could have bought a new car last year ,but we really____ it. A. can't afford B. couldn't afford C. won't afford D. unable to afford 22. If you don't pay your taxes ,they______. A. have you arrested B. will have you arrested C. must have you arrested D. have you arrest 23. I _______meeting you ever since we parted. A. was looking forward to B. have been looking forward to C. had been looking forward to D. looked forward to 24. Mary ____in the garden when it began to rain. A. was walking B .walked C. walking D. had walked 25．Where have you been? What _____ ? A. did you do B. have you been doing C. have made D. were you doing 26．The boy couldn’t go to sleep because he _____ too long. A. was talking B. talked C. would talk D. had been talking 27. She has been studying here for five years and by the end of next summer she _____. A. will graduate B. will be graduating C. will be graduated D. will have graduated 28. By the end of 1976, we _____ the demand for petroleum. A. met B. have met C. had met D. had been meeting 29. When you come tonight at eight o’clock, I _____ eight lessons. A. would review B. shall review C. shall have reviewed D. shall be reviewing 30. Make sure that the doors _____ before you go out. A. locked B. are loked C. will locked D. lock 31. The instructor had gone over the problems many times before the students _____the final examination. A. will take B. took C. take D. would take 32. The sports meeting _____ in October,1989. A. was held B. would be held C. has been held D. were held 33. The tickets _____ when I got there. A. were selling out B. had been sold out C. have been sold out D. were held 34. Apples _____ to be sweeter than oranges. A. are said B. are being said C. is being said D. were said 35. Mr.Smith _____ to Europe on a special mission. A. had been sending B. were sent C. is being sent D. was sending 36. When water is heated, it _____ into vapour. A. is changed B. is changing C. will be changed D. will change 37. She _____ for what she had done. A. was criticized B. is criticized C. is criticizing D. is being criticized 38. We _____ as soon as we got there. A. were warmly welcome B. were warmly welcomed C. would be welcome D. are welcomed 39. “Are Alice and Tom still living in New York?” “No, they _____ to Dallas.” A. are just moved B. have just moved C. had just moved D. will just move 40. I haven’t heard from Maria_____. A. since a long time B. for many months ago C. for many months D. since many months before 41. His grandfather ______ for thirty years. A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died 42．It’s(high)time you _____ a holiday. A. had B. have C. will have D. have had 43. The news _____quickly and made a stir. A. spread B. spreads C. spreaded D. was spread 44． When they came to the laboratory again, the lights _____. A. glowed B. were still glowing C. would glow D. had glowed 45． I suddenly _____ an insect crawling up my leg. A. felt B. was feeling C. was felt D. was being felt 46． One of the guards_____ when the general came in, which made him very angry. A. has slept B. were sleeping C. slept D. was sleeping 47． Ted was so worn out that he just _____ down and slept for ten hours. A. lied B. laid C. lay D. had lain 48. I was _____ at the stop as long as thirty minutes. A. made waiting B. kept waiting C. keeping waited D. kept waited 49. The children _____ many times not to go near the lake. A. have told B. told C. have been told D. were told 50. Our thoughts _____ by means of words. A. were being expressed B. are being expressed C. are expressed D. have been expressed 51. ______ four years since John left school. A. It was B. Those are C. It is D. They have been 52. By the time Juan gets home, his aunt _____ for Puerto Rico. A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left 53. “This is a terribly heavy box.” “ _____ help you to carry it.” A. I am to B. I will C. I D. I am going to 54．All the machines _____by the end of the following week. A. were repaired B. will be repaired C. have been repaired D will have been repaired 55．They believed that by using computers the production of their factory _____. A. will greatly increase B. would greatly increase C. has greatly increased D. would be greatly increased 56．No sooner had they got off train _______ it started moving . A. when B. than C. then D. after 57．We can do nothing unless we _____ more information. A. are given B. were to be given C. will be given D. were given 58．Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them _____taken in the past. A. was not B. were not C. were not being D. being not 59．The football match _____ in the afternoon. A. has been held B. is being held C. is going to be held D. will hold 60．I’ll take down your name and address in case you _____ as a witness. A. will need B.will be needed C. need D. are needed |
| 语法练习1答案 1．C 将来完成时态。By指：到什么时间为止。 2．D 过去进行时态。come to the conclusion 得出结论。 3．D 将来完成时态。tomorrow表示将来，get the instructions （指令，指示）这个动作在我回来之前已经完成。 4．B 现在完成时态。今天晚上我要见艾文，之前我从未见过一个俄国人。.never 从未。 5．B test apparatus：调试器械。这是一个过去完成时态，又是一个被动语态。 6．B as soon as：一……就……, 雨一停我们就离开。用一般现在时表示将来时的一种特殊用法。stops这个动作还没有发生，但在as soon as后表示将要发生。 7．B invitation 邀请；card 卡片，我们已经发出了请柬（invitation cards），但是我们不知道能有多少人来。这是一个一般将来时态，对于现在来说，请柬已经发出，所以用过去式sent out，但是“人们来”这个动作还没有发生，是将来的动作，所以用are coming. 8．B “no sooner……than……”(刚……就……)，在 no sooner这部分应当用过去完成时，than 后面用一般过去时。A，B都是过去完成时态，怎么选择？No sooner 的特殊用法，在其后面跟倒装语序，所以选B。 9． D 过去将来时。我希望史密斯先生能给我一个及早的答复。 10．C 过去完成时态。到昨天为止，Miller的家人已经有六个月没有他的消息了。until为信号词，后为完成时态。 11．B Tailor(人名)看起来有些困，他一定是昨天晚上睡觉太晚了。用must have done 这个结构，表示对过去发生动作的一种肯定性的猜测。 12．C 过去将来时态。be to do 在这里表示计划中的行动。Suspend 耽搁，暂停。 13．C 将来进行时态。 我不知道明天这个时候Jeanie 在干什么。at this time tomorrow，信号词，说明是明天的这个时候发生的动作，所以是用将来进行时态。 14．Ｂ hardly……when……(一……就……)， hardly后应当用过去完成时，when 后面用一般过去时。hardly 的特殊用法，在其后面跟倒装语序，所以选B。 15．A 过去将来时态。Forgive 原谅，She’d相当于：she would. 妈妈不知道我看电视花费了多长时间，如果她知道的话，我相信她将永远不会原谅我。 16．Ａ 客观存在，真理性的，规律性的，没有时态变化，都用一般现在时。 17．Ｄ 过去进行时态。while是一个信号词，表示一个时间点。 18．D 过去完成时态。 发现错误这个动作发生在纠正数据那个动作之前，而改正数据的动作用的是过去时态，所以，发生在过去的过去的动作就用过去完成时态。error 错误。correction 改正，是名词。data 数据。 19．A employer 雇主，老板；or so 大约；promote 提升，升职。通过believed我们看出来，这句话的语境是过去时，提升这个动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。答案就看Ａ，Ｄ两个选哪个呢？他的朋友是被提升，所以用被动语态，显然用Ａ被动语态。 20．Ｃ mail 邮件，信件。这是用现在时表示将来时的一种用法。信号词是until. 21．B Afford 支付得起。一般过去时,信号词为last year. 22. B 一般将来时。Pay taxes 交税。have you arrested你被逮捕。Have sb done 使某人做某事。 23．B 现在完成时态。表示渴望见你这个动作从过去一直延续到现在以至于将来。look forward to 渴望，想要……。ever since 自从…… 。 24．A 过去进行时态。Be doing 形式，正在进行的动作。当天开始下雨的时候，Mary 正在公园散步。when it began to rain 天开始下雨发生在过去，所以主句用过去进行时。 25．B 现在完成进行时态。通过上下句来识别时态。 26．D 过去完成进行时态，过去完成进行时的语法结构是：had been doing. 表示过去某一时刻以前，一直延续的一个动作。 27．D 将来完成时态。by the end of next summer 为信号词。 28．C 过去完成时态。By the end of 1976 为信号词。 29．C 将来完成时态。Review 温习，复习。 30．B 被动语态。在你出去之前确信门是被锁着的。Make sure 确信，loke 锁。门是动作的接受者，故用被动语态。 31. B 主句为过去完成时，故before引导的从句为过去时。 32．A 运动会将在1989年十月举行。一般过去式，被动式。 33．B 过去的过去，过去完成时。当我到那儿这个动作发生在过去，所以在这之前票已经卖完，卖完这个动作是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。 34．A 被动语态,be done 的形式。 35．C 被动语态，动作正在进行，故选择A. 36．D 一般将来时态。当水被加热时，将会变成水蒸气（vapour）。 37．A 她因自已的所为而受到责备。被动语态，for what 引导原因状语从句。 38．B 被动语态，be done 形式。语境为一般过去时，故be动词用过去时。 39. B 现在完成时态。说话的时候，他已搬走。 40．C 我已经好几个月没有Maria的消息了。现在完成时态，for引导一个时间状语。 41．C 现在完成时态。他的祖父已经去世三十年了。这里死亡表示一种状态，而不能理解为一种动作，因为死亡是一个短暂性动词，它不可能持续三十年。所以用has been dead。 42．A It’s(high)time（是……什么的时候了）的特殊用法，要用完成时态。Have在句中是拥有的意思。 43．A 一般过去式。消息迅速传播开并引起了轰动。Spread这个动词的过去式与过去分词是特殊的，均为：spread.故为 A. 44．B 过去进行时，Laboratory 实验室。 45．A 我突然感觉到一只虫子正爬过我的腿。这里感官动词felt为系动词，所以前面不能加系动词be。 46．D 过去进行时态。当长官进来的时候其中一个士兵在睡觉，这让他很生气。When引导的时间状态从句中，came in 用的是过去时，所以士兵正在睡觉的动作为过去进行时。 47．C Ted（人名）太累了，以至于他一躺下来就睡了十个小时。 短语so……that…… 如此……以至于…… ，lie的过去时与过去分词也是不规则的,均为：lay. 48．B 我在车站等了三十分钟。as long as 与……一样长。I was kept waiting…… 可以简单理解为：我保持等待这样的状态……（有三十分钟），Keep为保持的意思。 49．C 被动语态的完成时态。many times（很多次）。孩子们已经多次被告知不要走近那个湖。 50．C 被动语态。思想是用语言来表达的。真理性的东西用一般现在时态。 51．C 自从Johny离开学校有四年时间了。 52．Ｃ 将来完成时态。Leave for 离开一个地方到另一个地方去，By the time 信号词。 53．Ｂ 一般将来时态。 will 表示一种主观意愿。 54．Ｄ 将来完成时态。by the end of 到……时间为止，在此句中引导的时间状语从句为将来时间，所以是用将来时。答案B，D选取哪个？机器（machines）是被修的，所以用被动语态。显然，D为正确答案。 55．D 他们相信通过使用计算机，工厂的生产效率将会大大地提高。这是一个表示将来的被动语态，主句中believed为谓语动词，是过去式，故从句中的将来时态为过去将来时，答案范围缩为B，D。另外，工厂的生产（the production of their factory）是被提高的，所以为被动语态。由此，答案为D。 56．B “no sooner……than……”固定短语结构，意为 “ 一……就……”，常考内容。 57．A unless除非，information信息，我们什么都不能做除非被给予更多的信息，这句为一般现在时的被动语态。 58．B 被动语态的否定形式。environmental problems环境问题。 59．C is going to表示将来要怎么样，相当于will，其后面的动词同样用原形. 足球赛将在下午举行，足球赛是被举行的，所以用被动形式be held. 60．D take down记下；in case以防；witness目及者，见证人；address，住址。我将记下你的名字和住址，以备你作为一个见证人时用。一般现在时的被动语态。显示然答案为D。 |
| 语法练习2 1. I wish _____ go to the movie with you tonight, but I have to finish my homework then. A. I can B. I could C. I will D. I would 2. We surely desire that the tour leader _____ us immediately of any change in the travel schedules. A. inform B. informs C. informed D. has informed 3. I’d rather you _____ about it for the time being. A. don’t think B. didn’t think C. would not think D. had not thought 4. We ____a solution to this problem by the end of this month. A. must B. will C. must find D. can 5. I would have come sooner but I _____ that you were waiting. A. haven’t known B. hadn’t known C. didn’t known D. have known 6. The old woman neither _____ anything when the policemen asked her about the accident. A. replied nor say B. replied nor said C. reply nor said D. replied nor says 7. Most pubs in the street _____ until 1:00 in the morning. A. not close B. close not C. do not close D. not closed 8. They ____ had an enormous dinner like this. A. rarely not have B. rarely have not C. have not rarely D. have rarely 9. If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport. A. would have met B. would meet C. had met D. met 10. It is necessary that Mark _____ in time to attend the meeting. A. come B. came C. comes D. will come 11. It is imperative that Hurstwood ______ to hospital at once. A. is taken B. shall be taken C. should be taken D. must be taken 12. The girl smiled, got up, ____ from the schoolmaster. A. receive the gold medal B. and receiving the gold medal C. and receive the gold medal D. and received the gold medal 13. The burglar took away more than ____. A. he wanted to take B. he wanted to taken C. he wanted to D. he wanted to have taken 14. He ____ after climbing the mountain. A. has scarcely no energy left B. had scarcely any energy left C. scarcely has no energy left D. scarcely has not any energy left 15. It was essential that all the necessary data _____ to the President’s office before the end of this month. A. sent B. should be sent C. should send D. must be sent 16. They demand that the right to vote _____ to every adult man and woman. A. should give B. would be given C. be given D. ought to give 17. Had I known her name, I _____ . A. would invite her to lunch B. would have invited her to lunch C. invited her to lunch D. could invite her to lunch 18. It is about time that the government _____ strong actions against embezzlement and official profiteering. A. is taking B. takes C. took D. will take 19. The driver looked over the engine carefully lest it _____ on the way. A. breaks down B. broke down C. would break down D. should break down 20. She apologized for ____ the party. A. not her being able to attend B. her not being able to attend C. her being able not to attend D. her being not able to attend 21. Entering the lecture hall, ____ from their clothing. A. snow beat off B. they beat off snow C. snow was beaten off by them D. they were beaten off snow 22. I advised ____, but he turned me a deaf ear. A. him not to smoke again B. him to smoke not again C. him to not smoke again D. not him to smoke again 23. The clerk is going to take bus ____ money. A. by saving B. to save C. for to save D. saving 24. Everybody has arrived. It’s time we _____ the meeting. A. would start B. had started C. shall start D. started 25. _____ available, we would certainly have sent him to the meeting. A. John was B. Wasn’t John C. Had John been D. John had been 26. Look at the terrible I am in now! If only I _____ your advice! A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed 27. Tony does not dare to leave the house in case _____ . A. he will recognize B. he should be recognized c. he is recognized D. he recognizes 28. Tom is working hard for fear that he _____ . A. fell behind B. may fall behind C. should fall behind D. would fall behind 29. They are busy _____ . A. to do this B. doing this C. to this D. did this 30. Henry and Bady _____ to the parties at the Trade Union every Saturday. A. are used to go B. use to go C. used to go D. were used to go 31. Her government insisted that she _____ until she finished her degree. A. stayed B. stay C. would stay D. shall stay 32. Excuse me, but it is necessary that your temperature ____. A. be taken B. taking C. to take D. was taken 33. His Chemistry teacher recommends that he ______a regular degree program A. will begin B. begins C. begin D. is beginning 34. His friends are looking forward ____his as soon as possible. A. of seeing B. for seeing C. to see D. to seeing 35. He ____ speak several languages by the time he was young. A. can B. could C. would D. might 36. He began to write two hours ago. He ____have finished the article now. A. might B. ought C. ought to D. had to 37. I ____tell her the truth. A. cannot help B. cannot but C. may not help D. could but 38. They ____on the project now. A. may be working B. may have worked C. might be working D. had to work 39. The teacher says that Mary ____ work hard next year. A. had better B. had rather C. will have to D. would rather to 40. ____ to have lunch with us today? A. Do you like B . Will you like C. Would you like D . Have you like 41. Dr. Bethune worked hard as if he ____. A. never had felt tired B. had never felt tired C. never felt tired D. was tired never 42. He finished ____the book yesterday. A. to read B. read C. reading D. readed 43. Do you enjoy ____football? A. play B. playing C. to play D. for playing 44. He is used to ____ in the open. A. sleeping B. sleep C. slept D. sleeped 45. Poor Bill couldn’t help ____. A. coughing B. to cough C. that he coughing D. cough 46. The pupil was afraid of ____ scolded by the teacher. A. being B. be C. been D. to be 47. Without ____ more English, you can’t learn it well. A. spoken B. to speak C. speak D. speaking 48. The heavy rain kept them from ____to school. A. to go B. going C. go D. went 49. He stopped ____ with me and went away. A. to talk B. talk C. talked D. talking 50. Mother told the child ____too late. A. not get up B. do not get up C. not to get up D. not getting up 51. The sun never stops ____. A. will shine B. shone C. shines D. shining 52. I don’t remember _____ the writer before. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see 53. I must remember ____ my exercise-book this morning. A. handing in B. to hand in C. handed in D. hand in 54. They ought to try _____ their best. A. do B. to do C. does D. did 55. Kitty talks as if she _____ on the spot. A. is B. were C. has been D. be 56. They talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. had been B. were C. have been D. would be 57. He made me _____ it again. A. to do B. do C. that I do D. doing 58. Before liberation my father was made _____ from morning till night. A. to work B. work C. working D. worked 59. The water is very cold. You had better not _____. A. to swim B. swimming C. swim D. swam 60. Would you mind _____ me to carry the box? A. are helping B. helped C. helping D. helps 61. She came into the room _____ the door. A. without knocking to B. without to knock C. without to knock at D. without knocking at 62. I am proud of _____ in New China. A. to be a student B. be a student C. being a student D. am a student 63. Seeing is _____ . A. believe B. to believe C. believing D. believed 64. No one saw the soldier _____ . A. to arrive B. had arrived C. arrive D. has arrived 65. I saw him _____ to me. A. to wave B. being waved C. waving D. waved 66. I think this story is very _____ . A. interested B. interest C. interesting D. to be interesting 67. He succeeded _____ the first prize. A. win B. in winning C. to win D. winning 68. He forgot _____ a stamp on the letter. A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts 69. The article in today’s newspaper is worth _____ . A. to read B. reading C. to be read D. for you reading 70. We heard nobody _____ the room. A. entered B. to enter C. would enter D. enter 71. I could hear him _____ to and fro in the next room. A. walking B. walked C. to walk D. walk 72. Suddenly he felt someone _____ his head. A. had touched B. touched C. touches D. touch 73. I need a day or two _____ . A. to think it over B. to think over it C. think it over D. of think 74. Mrs.Green asked Mr.Green _____ open the window. A. to B. please C. will D. would 75. He ordered his soldiers _____ up straight. A. stand B. stood C. standing D. to stand 76. He has much experience in _____ beginners. A. teach B. teaching C. taught D. to teach 77. They insisted _____ the Zoo that day. A. to visit B. to be visiting C. in visiting D. on visiting 78. He was too excited _____ a word. A. to say B. saying C. said D. say 79. This room is quite comfortable _____ . A. living in B. lived in C. to live in D. to live 80. The brakes need _____ . A. adjusting B. adjusted C. to adjustement D. to adjust |
| 1. B 虚拟语气中wish的用法：如果表达的是现在或将来的愿望，动词用一般过去时；如果表达的是过去的没有实现的愿望，动词用过去完成时。这句话是说：我希望今天晚上能和你一起去看电影，但是我不得不把家庭作业做完。显然句子所表达的愿望是将来的，故用一般过去式。 2. A desire（要求）后面that 从句中谓语动词要用should＋动词原形，should 可以省略。the tour leader（导游）；schedule（日程表）；inform（通知） 3. B I’d rather == I would rather；would rather后面 that从句表达的是一种意愿，动作尚未发生，虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用过去式。 4. C 我们这个月底一定能找到个解决此问题的方案。表示对将来要发生动作的一种肯定性语气，非虚拟语气。 a solution to this problem：解决此问题的方案。 5. B 我要知道你在等着，我很快就来了。你在等着——这个动作发生在过去，即与过去事实相反，故虚拟条件中的从句谓语用过去完成时态。 6. B neither……nor…… ( 既不……也不……) 连接的两个动词是并列结构，时态保持一致。 7. C not……until…… (直到……才……) 这句话意思为：这个街区上的酒馆直到早上一点才关门。表达的是一般现在时的情况，用实义动词close 的否定式。Pub：酒馆 8. D 他们已经很少享用这样丰盛的晚宴了。rarely :（ 稀有地，很少）含有否定意义。从句义理解应选D 9. A in advance 提前； at the airport 在机场； If 引导的虚拟条件句，从句用的是过去完成时态，主句用would have + 过去分词。 10. A 这是虚拟语气在主语从句中的一种应用， 从句谓语动词要用原形。in time 及时。 11. D at once 立刻，马上；情态动词must 表达一种坚定的建议，表明Hurstwood 情况很严峻，必须马上送医院；又Hurstwood是被送往医院，所以用被动语态。 12. D smiled, got up, received 是连贯动作，并列结构，时态要保持一致。 13. C 小偷带走的比他想的要多。burglar小偷； more than 多于；take away 带走；more than前后的比较为并列结构，动词时态保持一致。C 更符合句义。 14. B scarcely 几乎不，否定含义,不能再与not 连用来表达否定意味了；climbing the mountain 爬山； 这句话直译为：他在爬山之后几乎没有多余的力气了，也就是说，爬完山他一点劲儿也没有了。没有力气在爬山动作之后，故用have（拥有）的过去式（had）。 15. B it was(is) essential（必要的） that…… 主语从句中用虚拟语气should + 动词原形. 再看：all the necessary data（所有需要的数据）是被送到办公室的，故要用被动语态，到此显然答案为B. 16. C the right to vote 选举权；adult 成年的；demand （要求）后面的从句用虚拟语气should + 动词原形，should 可以省略不写。另外，这里选举权是被赋予的，故用过去时态，C为被动，正确。 17. B 省略if的虚拟条件句，句首倒装，相当于：If I had known her name, I would invite her to lunch. 从句为过去完成时，答案应为would + 现在完成时 18. C it is about(high) time that…… 虚拟语气的固定用法之一，从句中谓语动词要用一般过去式。 19. D look over 检查； engine发动机； lest 以防，万一；lest 引导的目的状语从句中用虚拟语气：should + 动词原形。其他还有for fear that, in case引导词。 20. B apologize 道歉； be able to 能够； 介词for后面跟动名词时，其动名词的形式主语her 应该放在动名词的前面。再看：动名词的否定形式为：not + 动名词，故答案为 B. 21. B 现在分词作时间状语， 其逻辑主语是they.再看：他们把雪从身上打掉，是一种主动语态，故为A. beat off 拍打 22. A 动词不定式的逻辑主语和否定形式语序为：逻辑主语 + not + to do 短语 turn sb. a deaf ear ：不理某人 23. B clerk 职员，店员； to save 动词不定式做目的状语。 24. D it’s (high)time that…… 从句中谓语词动词用一般过去式，虚拟语气的固定用法。同第18题。 25. C available 随时可来的；certainly一定；省略if的虚拟条件句，句首倒装。主句为：would have done时，从句应为：had been(done). 26. B terrible可怕的； I am in now 我现在的处境； 虚拟条件从句从时间上是与过去事实相反，“如果我以前只听你的意见.....”,故条件从句的动词时态用过去完成时态。 27. B recognize 认出；Tony不敢离开那个房子，因为他怕被别人认出来。 in case 以防，万一； in case 引导的目的状语从句谓语词动词用 虚拟语气：should +动词原形。另外，他是被认出，要用被动语态，所以B 正确。 28. A for fear that 以防，万一； 用法同上题。 29. B busy 后跟动名词，be busy doing sth 忙着做...... 。 30. C the Trade Union 商会； used to do……过去常常做…… (注意区别：be used to doing…… 习惯于做…… ) 31. B insist 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略。 32.A take temperature 量体温。虚拟语气在主语从句中的一种应用： it is(was) ＋ 形容词(important，necessary, urgly, vital ，desirable等) ＋ that＋ 主语＋ should (可省略) ＋ V (动词原形) 。另外，体温是被量的，所以用被动形式，显然，答案是A 33. C recommend之后的宾语从句用虚拟语气：should + 动词原形,这里的should 可以省略. 34.D look forward to 期待. 其后只能跟动名词做宾语,形式为: look forward to doing . 35. B 他年轻的时候就能说几门外语了.表示can的基本意义：能够.过去时态, 用could. 36. C ought to表推测，暗含很大的可能。其语气较may强，较must弱。其过去时与原形一样,都是 ought to. 37. B cannot but do……, 只得做……；cannot help doing 情不自禁…… ；皆为固定习语. 38. A 他们现在可能在实施工程方案了.注意:句子末有一个now,现在,故用现在进行式. 39. A had better do , 最好(干什么)…… , had better后面跟动词原形, 固定用法. 40. C Would you like to do …… ? 你愿意做……吗?, 固定结构.表委婉客气，又如：Would you mind doing …… ? 你在意做…… 吗? 41 B as if 引导的方式状语从句中,表示对过去的情况有怀疑, 用虚拟语气，动词用过去完成时. 42. C finish 后只能用动名词做宾语。 43.B enjoy后只能用动名词做宾语。 44. A be used to doing sth 意思是：习惯于做……，句子中的to是介词，不是不定式形式，因此后面接动名词。 45. A couldn’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事. 46. A be afraid of doing sth ,怕做某事……. of 是介词,后面跟名词或者动名词. 47. D without 也是介词,后面跟名词或者动名词. 48. B keep sb from doing sth (= stop sb from doing sth ; prevent sb from doing sth ) 阻止某人做某事. 固定短语。 49. D stop doing sth. 停止干……. 这句话的意思是: 他不跟我说话了,走了. 比较: stop to do sth 停下来去干…… 50. C tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要干某事. 51. D stop doing sth. 停止干…….太阳从来没有停止照耀。 52. B 区别：remember doing sth 记得曾做过某事； remember to do sth 记得要做某事，但是事实上还没有做。这句话的意思是：我不记得以前见过他。 53. B 我必须记得今天上午把练习本交上去。解释同上。 54. B 注意try to do sth 与 try doing 的区别：try 后跟动名词表示“试着想做某件事”，表达一种愿望；后跟不定式意为“试图，尝试”，表示设法在做一件事。 55. B 在“as if”和“as though” 引导的方式状语从句中，如表示对现在的情况有所怀疑，用虚拟语气，从句动词用一般过去式。 56. A 谈起话来，他们像是多年的朋友似的。在“as if”和“as though” 引导的方式状语从句中，如表示对过去的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去完成式。 57. B make sb do sth 让某人做某事。主动语态。 58. A make sb do sth 让某人做某事；如果用其被动结构时，动词make 前要加上其不定式to ,这是其特殊用法。 59. C You’d better not do sth 你最好不要干……； 60. C mind doing sth 介意做某事。Would you mind doing…… ? 固定句式 61. D without 是介词，后面跟名词，或者动名词。knock at sth 敲什么东西。 62. C be proud of sth 为……而骄傲, of 为介词，后跟名词或者动名词。 63．C 意思是：眼见为实。动名词作主语和表语。 64．C see sb + do sth 看见某人做某事,其中see 是感官动词，后面省去动词不定式符号“to”,所以动词用原形；另外形式：see sb + doing sth 看见某人正在做某事。 65. C see sb + doing sth 看见某人正在做某事。现在分词表示正在进行的动作。 66. C 我认为这个故事非常有意思，动名词做表语。be interested in 对…感兴趣；be interested to do …… 想做……; 67. B 他成功地获得了第一枚奖章。succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事。 68. C forget to do 表示“忘记做过某事了”； forget doing表示“忘记做某事了”。这句话的意思是：我忘记在信封上贴上邮票了。forget doing sth 与 forget to do sth 是常考的内容点，注意其区别。 69. B worth doing sth = be worthy of doing sth值得做某事； 在形容词busy, worth, like等后面要求用动名词，可视为复合谓语的宾语。其中like多用在feel like这一词中。 70. D 我们没有听见有人走进房间。hear sb do sth 听到某人做某事，hear 是感官动词，后面省去动词不定式符号“to”,所以动词用原形. 71. A fro in走进； 我们听见有人正在走进隔壁房间。hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事。现在分词表示正在进行的动作。 72. D feel 为感官动词，后面省去动词不定式符号“to”,所以动词用原形。 73. A 我需要一两天把这件事思考一下。To think it over 不定式短语是做目的状语。think over这个短语考虑的内容如果不是用代词it 来替代的时候，也可以放在短语的后面，但是用代词it 时，就一定要放在短语中间。 74. A ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事。 75. D order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事。 76. B 他在教初学者方面有许多经验，in 是介词，后面跟名词或者动名词，故B正确。 77. D insist on doing 坚持做某事，on 是介词,后面只能跟名词或者动名词。 78. A too……to…… 太……而不能…… 不定式含有否定意义，表示“结果”。to后加不定式； 79. C comfortable舒适； 这句话的意思是：这个房间住起来很舒服。to live in做状语，表目的；不定式和主语是动宾关系。 80. A brake 刹车器；adjust 调整； need to do sth 需要做某事；强调的是做的动作；need doing …… 强调的是需要的事物； need 均为实义动词。 need作情态动词时后 + do |
1. C 她一直读书到半夜． until 至到．．．．．．为止． 2. C 他虽然年纪大了，但还很强壮．句子中转折词用的是but，故不能再用though，成对的连词在英语句子中只能出现一个，但翻译出来时都要翻译．比如，因为．．．所以．．．，虽然．．．但是．．．等等．这些成对出现的，翻译成英语时只出现一个连词就行了．这道题在讲义中为：Though he is very old, yet he is quite strong. 这时用yet可以，但是不能用but，要用but必须去掉though. 3. B 听取他的建议，否则你会失败的．or是一个选择连词． 4. D 当那个玻璃杯突然掉到地上时，他正在写作． Fall on 跌落到．．．上． 5. B 不管你说什么，他都不会听的．在句子中充当宾语，所以疑问词要用what. 6. D 在一段儿湿路上车开得太快了，导致车被撞坏，司机也送医院了．so 在这里引导结果状语． 7. D 他说他将会再待两天如果天下雨的话．If引导条件状语从句． 8. A 我刚到家，天就下雨了。如果把hardly置于句首，后面的主谓必须倒装，也就是把谓语动词提到主语前。这句话如果不提前hardly的话，则为：I had hardly got home when it began to rain. 9. B 尽管很累了，我们中没有一个人想休息会儿。as引导的让步状语，必须采用两种语序：（1）、表语＋as＋主语＋谓语;（2）、状语＋as＋主语＋谓语。 10. D 她轻轻地把门打开，以免把她熟睡的婴儿惊醒。so as to 的否定形式为：so as not to，前三个选项句意显然不符。 11. C 今天早上是我的爷爷帮助迈克修理他的自行车的。强调句型。 12. A 就是今天早上，我的爷爷帮助迈克修理他的自行车的。强调句型，强调时间状语。 13. A 昨天晚上雨下得太大了，所以他没有来学校。强调句型，强调原因。 14. D 空气，或者说是我们所称的太空，环绕着地球。这是一个同位语从句，what引导的同位语从句在句子中充当主语的成分。 15. C 总之，不管在哪儿生活，个人都是属于一定的社会的。 16. C 世界上没有什么地方能找到更加迷人的风光比起新西兰来说。Nowhere位于句首，句子倒装，句子中的情态动词提到主语前构成倒装。 17. C 我找不到彼特，也不知道他去哪儿了。两个动作都发生，用nor（也．．．）；另外nor位于句首时，句子要倒装，情态动词或助动词要提到主语前构成倒装句式． 18. C 至到我提醒他三次时，他才停下来看我．解释同上题． 19. C 至到大多数人已经离开机场，他才看到他的妹妹在那儿．解释同上题． 20. D 驾驶的时候，他们没有意识到系上安全带的重要性．表否定的词little位于句首时，句子倒装． 21. C 社会发生了变化，其中人也如此．So… 也．．．；so后面跟表示肯定的句子，表示与前面相同的情况，其后的句子要倒装． 22. D 停车是一个大问题，交通量也是．解释同上题． 23. C 你从来没有告诉过我你曾看过这部电影，不是吗？注意：附加疑问句附在陈述句 后面，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问．该句型的结构特征为： 当前面是肯定时，后面用否定式；当前面是否定时，后面用肯定式；反意问句中的动词时态应和陈述句中的动词时态相一致.第一句中用了never一词，是表示否定意义的词，故后用肯定式，又前面句子是过去式，故疑问句子也要用过去式． 24. B 别忘了把信寄给我，好吗？这是祈使句子加上反意疑问句的形式．解释理论同上题．前否定，后肯定，时态是表示将来的动作，用将来式． 25. D 至到我来到中国，我才知道她是一个什么样的国家．Not until 位于句首，后面句子倒装． 26. B 我认为你现在不是一个学生了，对吗？前否定，后肯定，前后时态一致保持，故用一般现在时态，肯定形式．Ｂ正确． 27. B 做你认为正确的，不管别人说什么． 28. D 众所周知，光，跟热一样，是能量的一种形式．这是一个由as引导的状语从句，在主句中充当主语． 29. D 不管我们如何努力，工作中我们几乎不可避免地发生错误． 30. B 他们都是如此用功的学生，在全国统考中都取得了好的成绩．我们注意这两个句式的区别：so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数；such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数（such＋形容词＋可数名词复数），这里要修饰的学生是复数，所以用such diligent. 31. B 尽管他还很年轻，他却道哪些事该做．典型的形容词前置形式． 32. B 有人把我的伞借走了，难道不是吗？前肯定，后否定；前面主语为someone时，后面反意疑问句要用复数． 33. A 没有什么奇怪的事情发生过，不是吗？前有否定词，后用肯定式；nothing，everything, something 时，后面要用单数形式．另外，前面是一般过去式，前后要保持时态一致，故Ａ正确． 34. A 他反对你的不礼貌行为真是难以理解．Behavior 行为； 注意：句子不缺少任何成分，前面句子用来做主语，故用主语从句． 35. D 他总是忘记他们的结婚纪念日，这让他妻子很恼火．wedding anniversary 结婚纪念日．解释同上题． 36. B 我并不在乎她是否给我道歉．Whether or not 是否；其它选项与or not根本不搭配． 37. B 我在这儿过去五年的服务中几乎没有犯过什么错误．否定词在句首，句子用倒装形式，这里谓语动词是实义动词，所以提前助动词来构成倒装． 38. B 直到1945年，这个城市才被定为省会．Not until位于句首时，句子倒装．故选择项Ｂ正确． 39. C 这个地方以前是有一些植物的，对吗？这是there be 结构的句子，反意疑问句中不要用助动词，把be动词的相应形式提前就行．前面是肯定的，后面用否定形式，所以选择项Ｃ正确． 40. C 正如报上宣布，下个月这个城市要举行一场国际性的运动会．as 在这里是“作为，正如”的意思；announce ＂宣布，发表，通告，报告．．．的来到＂． |
| Reading Comprehension练习题 Passage 1: America is a society in which children have watched approximately (大约) 18,000 television commercials by the time that they have reached their middle teens. My friend Jolie learned this fact a few weeks ago and decided to do something about it. She thinks that the number of commercials that children see can influence the way in which they view the world. That is, Jolie believes that children who watch so many ads will grow up to believe that the most important thing in life is to buy, buy, buy! This, says Jolie, is wrong.（１）A little child cannot understand advertisements for what they are and so believes totally in what he or she hears. I have been thinking about what Jolie has told me. I suppose that she is right. I know that it is easy to manipulate the minds of children because they don’t see things logically, as adults do.（２）And I am upset myself at how the advertisers can control a child’s outlook on the world. （３）I think I should join Jolie in her efforts to change advertising tactics (策略) when it comes to advertisements for children. I really have a responsibility to make sure that future generations are given every chance to develop their minds without the interference of mass media. Of course, there is another side to the issue. After all, parents ought to take responsibility for what their children watch and how much television they see. I know that many parents just want their children to be quiet, and so they let them watch as much television as they want. But, in the long run, the methods of advertisers have enormous power because we are a society of consumers. I only hope that some day there can be a solution to this problem. Children need our guidance, not the guidance of advertisers. 划线翻译： １）、儿童不知道广告为何物，因此便完全听信广告的宣传． ２）、广告商是如何控制孩子们的世界观的，对此我自己也深感焦虑． ３）、涉及到广告针对儿童产生时，我觉得自己应该和Jolie一起努力去改变广告策略． 美国社会里,孩子们到十来岁时大约看18，000个电视广告节目．我的朋友乔利几周以前得知这个事实后决定对之采取措施。她认为孩子看见的广告的数量能影响他们观看世界的方式。那是， 乔利相信那么多广告将孩子随着增长相信在生命里的最重要的事情是买，买，买！乔利说，这是错误的。儿童不知道广告为何物，因此便完全听信广告的宣传． 我一直考虑乔利的话。我认为她是正确的。我知道控制孩子们的心是很容易的，因为他们没有像大人们一样能合乎逻辑地看事情。广告商是如何控制孩子们的世界观的，对此我自己也深感不安．涉及到广告针对儿童产生时，我觉得自己应该和Jolie一起努力去改变广告策略．我真的有一项责任，保证后代被给予发展他们的思想的每个机会，而不受大众宣传媒介的干扰。 当然，对此问题也有另外的一面。 终究，父母应该对他们孩子看什么样的电视节目以及看多少电视节目负责。我知道很多父母只想要他们的孩子安静，因此他们充许孩子们想看多少就看多少电视。但是，归根结底，在一个消费者的社会，广告商们的做法有具大的作用。我只希望有一天可能有一个解决这个问题的方法。孩子需要指导，而非登广告者的指导。 1. According to the passage, what is the main purpose for television commercials? A. Entertain children B. Entertain all its viewers including children C. Persuade children to buy advertised goods. D. Persuade all its viewers to buy advertised goods. 答案： D 解析： 本题问的是做商业广告的主要目的。这个问题在文章中没有明确给出，但是通读全文，我们知道文章谈广告对孩子有负作用是因为孩子们不能正确看待广告。社会是一个消费者的社会，所以做广告的目的是尽可能地让大家都来买产品，而不是A、B、C所涉及的单方面的娱乐和让孩子们买产品。 2. Jolie believes that _____. A. television advertising are only for children B. television advertising has a bad influence on children C. there are enough ads on TV D. television advertising should be prohibited |
| thank you |
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