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 发表: 2025-05-06 11:26:57 人气:2418  | 楼主 |
20年北京学位英语考试难度之变化！
20年北京学位英语考试难度之变化！
（本文较长，请耐心观看，非诚勿扰）
以下是2003年、2012年和2023年北京学位英语考试真题里的三篇完型填空答案、汉语译文，以及难易比较，从中可以看出20年来北京学位英语题目的变化。
一、2003年北京学位英语考试完型填空题
Part IV Cloze (10%)
What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation? In one 56 there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it. 57 two speakers speak in exactly the same 58 . We can always hear differences 59 them, and the pronunciation of English 60 a great deal in different geographical 61 . How do we decide what sort of English to use as a 62 ? This is not a question that can be 63 in the same way for all foreign learners of English. 64 you live in a part of the world 65 India or West Africa, where there is a long 66 of speaking English for general communication purpose, you should 67 to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area. It would be 68 in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or 69 of the sort. On the other hand, if you live in a country 70 there is no traditional use of English, you must take 71 your model some form of 72 English pronunciation. It does not 73 very much which form you choose. The most 74 way is to take as your model the sort of English you can 75 most often.
56. A. meaning B. sense C. case D. situation
57. A. Not B. No C. None D. Nor
58. A. type B. form C. sort D. way
59. A. between B. among C. of D. from
60. A. changes B. varies C. shifts D. alters
61. A. areas B. parts C. countries D. spaces
62. A. direction B. guide C. symbol D. model
63. A. given B. responded C. satisfied D. answered
64. A. Because B. When C. If D. Whether
65. A. as B. in C. like D. near
66. A. custom B. ue C. tradition D. habit
67. A. aim B. propose C. select D. ten
68. A. fashion B. mistake C. nonsense D. possibility
69. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. things
70. A. where B. that C. which D. wherever
71. A. to B. with C. on D. as
72. A. practical B. domestic C. native D. new
73. A. care B. affect C. trouble D. matter
74. A. effective B. sensitive C. ordinary D. careful
75. A. listen B. hear C. notice D. find
(答案 BBDAB ADDCC CABCA DCDAB )
译文：
我们所说的完美英语发音是什么意思？从某种意义上说，有多少说英语的人，就有多少种不同的英语。没有两个人的发音完全相同。我们总能听出他们之间的差异，而英语的发音在不同地理区域也存在巨大差异。我们如何决定使用哪种英语作为标准？这个问题无法对所有英语学习者给出相同的答案。如果你生活在像印度或西非这样的地区，那里长期以来将英语用于日常交流，你应该以当地发音为目标。在这种情况下，使用BBC英语或类似发音作为标准是错误的选择。另一方面，如果你生活在一个没有英语使用传统的国家，你必须选择某种本土英语发音作为标准。具体选择哪种形式并不重要，最有效的方法是选择你最常听到的那种英语作为标准。
难易程度分析
主题：英语发音的多样性与学习标准
难度分析：
词汇：多为日常高频词汇（如sense, model, varies）和基本语法结构（如条件句if）。
逻辑：上下文逻辑清晰，问题围绕“选择发音标准”展开，答案多依赖直接推理。
挑战点：少数题目需结合上下文细微语义（如第65题“like”表举例，第68题“mistake”需理解语境中的不合理性）。
难度评级：低到中等，适合具备基础语法和词汇的学习者。
二、2012年北京学位英语考试完型填空题
Part IV Cloze (10%)
Visitors to the zoo usually pity the animals owing to their particular emotional associations (联想). Which animals should be indeed pitied?
The first type are those clever and 56 developed animals 57 lively intelligence and desire for activity can 58 no outlet behind the bars of the cage. Those animals living in a free state before 59 in the zoo have a strong desire for moving about 60 , but have to mm around repeatedly in their quarters. Owing to this disappointment, foxes and wolves 61 in places which are far too small, are among the most 62 of all zoo animals.
Another sad scene, seldom 63 by ordinary zoo visitors, is the 64 flying trials of swans (天鹅) at migration (迁徙) time. These creatures, like most other water birds, are generally made unable to fly by the 65 of cutting off a tip of the wing bone. 66 such swans in the zoo generally seem happy under 67 care and they raise their young without any trouble, at migration time things become 68 . The birds never really 69 that they can no longer fly, and repeatedly swim to the 70 of the pond so that they can have the whole extent of its surface when trying to 71 against the wind. Meanwhile, their loud flying calls can be heard as they try to 72 , and again and again the grand preparations end in 73 .
I do not like seeing those 74 water birds in the zoo. The missing tip of one wing and the still sadder picture that the bird makes when it 75 its wings hurt me badly. What a truly sorry picture it is!
56. A. high B. highly C. deep D. deeply
57. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which
58. A. find B. lose C. declare D. transform
59. A. to be put B. being put C. to put D. putting
60. A. partly B. highly C. deeply D. freely
61. A. kept B. keeping C. rose D. rising
62. A. victorious B. thoughtful C. miserable D. fortunate
63. A. scattered B. written C. noticed D. wakened
64. A. similar B. suitable C. apparent D. constant
65. A. experiment B. operation C. treatment D. movement
66. A. Although B. When C. Since D. Because
67. A. original B. proper C. parallel D. precious
68. A. private B. public C. different D. similar
69. A. suggest B. assure C. underline D. realize
70. A. limit B. side C. middle D. center
71. A. take off B. stand up C. take up D. stand by
72. A. spring B. raise C. swell D. rise
73. A. passage B. support C. failure D. success
74. A. upright B. powerful C. valuable D. unlucky
75. A. spreads B. strengthens C. enlarges D. inspects
（答案 BAABD ACCDB ABCDC ADCDA）
译文：
动物园的游客常常因为情感联想而对动物产生怜悯。哪些动物真正值得同情呢？第一类是那些聪明且高度进化的动物，它们的活跃智力和活动欲望在笼子的栏杆后无处释放。那些被关进动物园前曾在野外自由生活的动物，本有强烈的自由活动的渴望，却不得不在狭小空间里反复绕圈。由于这种失落感，被关在过小空间的狐狸和狼是动物园中最悲惨的动物。
另一种鲜被普通游客注意到的悲伤场景是天鹅在迁徙季节持续不断的飞行尝试。这些鸟类通常因被剪断翼尖而无法飞行。尽管它们在动物园里看似快乐，能顺利养育幼鸟，但迁徙季节一切变得不同。天鹅始终无法意识到自己不能再飞，反复游到池塘中央，试图借助风力起飞。它们发出响亮的飞行鸣叫，不断尝试升空，但宏伟的准备工作最终以失败告终。
我不愿在动物园看到这些不幸的水鸟。缺失的翼尖和它们展开翅膀时更显凄凉的画面让我心痛。这是多么令人悲伤的场景！
主题：动物园动物的困境与行为观察
难度分析：
词汇：涉及情感描述（miserable, unlucky）和动物行为术语（take off, rise），部分词汇需较高理解力（如constant, operation）。
逻辑：包含复杂句式（如关系从句whose lively intelligence）和逻辑转折（Although引导的让步状语从句）。
挑战点：需理解动物行为的隐喻意义（如天鹅无法飞行的心理描写），以及情感与行为的关联。
难度评级：中等偏上，适合具备较强上下文推理能力的学习者。
三、2023年北京学位英语考试完型填空题
Part IV Cloze (10%)
The blenny (鲇鱼), a fish which is sometimes known as the Shanny, is very common in the rock pools. But you are not 56 to see it, for it always hides during the daytime in the openings 57 the rocks, or underneath sea weeds. Or it will even make a 58 in the sandy mud beneath a big stone, so that you will not find it at all 59 you dig for it.
When it is 60 grown,the fish is about five inches long, and it is quite are markable creature in several different 61 . In the 62 place, it varies a great deal in 63 . Sometimes it is partly green and partly yellow, sometimes it is brown nearly all over, and sometimes it is almost black.
In the second place, it can remain 64 for quite a long time out of the water. Some fishes die almost at once if they are 65 out of the sea.But a blenny can live on dry 66 for twenty-four hours at least. The reason is 67 its gills (鳃) are made in such a way that they remain wet for a long while after the fish 68 the water. As long as the gills remain moist, it is 69 to breathe.
The oddest thing about the fish is that it can move one of its eyes 70 without moving the other! Have you ever _71_a chameleon (变色龙)? If so,you must have noticed 72 it will turn one of its curious eyes first in one direction and then in 73_, while the other eye is quite still. And the blenny can move its eyes in just the 74 way. Very often when one of them is looking out in front, the other will be looking out behind. And then one will twist round and look upwards,while the other twists round and looks 75 !
46. A.clear B.friendly C.wise D.likely
47. A.among B.besides C.above D.outside
48. A.wall B.hole C.window D.house
49. A.although B.after C.unless D.if
50. A.fully B.richly C.full D.rich
51. A.hopes B.methods C.views D.ways
52. A.front B.near C.first D.last
53. A.length B.color C.size D.age
54. A.dead B.fat C.alive D.thin
55. A.taken B.reached C.made D.noticed
56. A.water B.land C.office D.home
57. A.what B.though C.which D.that
58. A.drops B.reaches C.leaves D.enters
59. A.equal B.able C.clever D.cool
70.A.out B.along C.in D.about
71.A.seen B.bought C.grasped D.scared
72.A.how B.why C.who D.where
73.A.both B.each C.another D.other
74.A.short B.different C.long D.same
75.A.up B.down C.within D.beyond
（答案 DABCA DCBCA BDCBD AACDB）
译文：
鲇鱼（又称沙泥鱼）常见于岩石池中，但白天你不太可能看到它，因为它总是躲在岩石间的缝隙、海藻下，甚至会在沙泥中挖洞藏身于大石头下，除非你特意挖掘，否则根本找不到它。
成年鲇鱼长约五英寸，有几个显著特点。首先，它的颜色变化多端：有时半绿半黄，有时全身棕褐，有时几乎全黑。其次，它离水后能存活很长时间。大多数鱼一旦离开海水会迅速死亡，但鲇鱼至少能在陆地上存活24小时。原因是它的鳃结构特殊，离水后能长时间保持湿润。只要鳃湿润，它就能呼吸。
最奇特的是，它能独立转动一只眼睛而不动另一只！你见过变色龙吗？如果见过，你一定会注意到它如何让一只眼睛转向某个方向，而另一只保持不动。鲇鱼的眼睛也是如此——常常一只向前看，另一只向后看；一只向上转，另一只则向下转。
主题：鲇鱼的生物特性与行为
难度分析：
词汇：包含生物学专业术语（gills, moist）和具体行为描述（twist, spread）。
逻辑：科学说明文结构清晰，但需理解因果关系（如鳃湿润与呼吸的关系）。
挑战点：部分题目依赖学科背景知识（如第67题“that”引导表语从句），跨领域比喻（与变色龙比较）需联想能力。
难度评级：中等偏高，对科学词汇不熟悉的学习者可能感到困难。
2003、 2012、2023三篇完型填空难易程度比较
1.难度排序：
2023 > 2012 > 2003
- 2023因专业词汇和科学逻辑要求较高，难度最大；
- 2012因情感与复杂句式次之；
- 2003因基础语法和日常主题最易。
2.核心挑战差异：
- 2003：基础语法与上下文直接推理。
- 2012：情感描述与复杂句逻辑。
- 2023：专业词汇与科学因果分析。
3.总结：三篇完型填空的难度逐级递增，分别侧重语言基础、情感逻辑和科学知识。
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